Understanding Enums

Enums, or enumerations, are a way to define a set of related values in Swift.

Think of an enum like a box that has a bunch of labeled compartments inside of it. Each compartment has a specific label, and it can hold one specific value. You can use the labels to identify the compartments and the values that they contain.

In the same way, an enum in Swift is a collection of related values that are each given a specific name (or label). You can use the names to identify the values and to access the values that they contain.

Here's a simple example of an enum in Swift:

enum Color {
    case red
    case orange
    case yellow
    case green
    case blue
    case indigo
    case violet
}

In this example, the Color enum defines a set of related values that represent the colors of the rainbow. Each value is given a specific name, and the names are used to identify the values and access the values that they contain.

You can use the Color enum like this:

let primaryColor = Color.red
let secondaryColor = Color.blue

In this example, the primaryColor and secondaryColor constants are assigned the values of the Color.red and Color.blue cases, respectively. Because the Color enum defines a fixed set of values, you can only assign values from the Color enum to variables or constants that are declared as the Color type.

Enums are a powerful and flexible feature of the Swift programming.